Some IFOR Planning Realities
First Time for NATO and Many of the Players
- Inadequate Coalition Doctrine and Tactics, Techniques, and Procedures (in particular, Civil Affairs and PSYOP)
- Lacked Collaborative Planning Tools/Capabilities
- Language/Experience/C4ISR Capabilities Differed
Political Factors/Sensitivities
- Decision Process Slow and End State Definition Vague
- Close-hold Guidance
- Disjointed Planning Effort (Parallel Actions, Different Assumptions)
- Inadequate Sharing of Information (Intelligence, Force Deployments)
- Inadequate Reconnaissance of AOR Before Deployment
- Stringent Limits on Number of Deploying Forces
Under Dayton Peace Agreement No International Organization Put In-Charge of Over-All Operation